Human Pheromone Sciences, Inc. (EROX 0.40, +0.05, +14.3%) (“HPS” or “the Company”) today announced results for the second quarter and six months ended June 30, 2008. For the three month period ending June 30, 2008, net revenues of $236,000 represented a 28% decrease from the revenues of $329,000 in the prior year period, and resulted in a net loss of $88,000 ($.02 per share) as compared with net income of $15,000 ($.00 per share) for the same period of 2007. For the six month period ending June 30, 2008, net revenues of $502,000 were 24% lower than the previous year’s $663,000, resulting in a net loss of $151,000 ($0.04 per share) as compared with net income of $39,000 ($0.01 per share) in the first six months of 2007. At June 30, 2008, the Company reflected cash balance of $1,237,000 compared with $1,437,000 at December 31, 2007, a $200,000 reduction for the six months of the current year as compared to a decline of $264,000 during the six months ending June 30, 2007. The cash use was within the expectations of the Company. There was no bank indebtedness at either date.
Have you ever wondered how different species know when to mate and who to mate with? How can they tell the difference between someone of the same sex, much less whether another organism is of the same species? This can be answered by chemical signals kn own as pheromones. Pheromones are unique and highly specific chemical signals produced by an organism that signals its presence to other members of the same species. Each organism have different pheromones they release during mating that helps them to id entify each other and start the process of mating. Pheromones come not only in forms of sex attractants, but also as alarm pheromones, aggregation pheromones, and dispersion pheromones(1).
How do we know that such a chemical exists in organisms? In 1956, German scientists were able to identify the first ever pheromone in silkworm moths. After 20 years of research and over half a million female moths later, they were able to extract a pecu liar compound from certain glands located on the tip of the abdomen. When even a small amount of this substance was exposed to male moths, they would begin to beat their wings madly in a iflutter dancei. This indicated that they had detected the powerfu l sex attractant from the females that caused this type of behavior. After extracting extraneous matter and purifying the substance, scientists ended up with the first ever chemically pure pheromone. Since then, various other organisms have been studied and more is understood about the effects of pheromone, but not much is known about how pheromones work in more complex vertebrates such as humans.
The next logical question to ask is how are these chemical signals recognized? Studies have shown that pheromone is first recognized by the chemical receptors in the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and olfactory bulbs located in the nose; signals are then sent t o the hypothalamus of the brain. In an experiment conducted on virgin male mice where their VNO was removed, the mice were found to generally not mate with receptive females, even if the maleis olfactory nerves were not damaged. This showed that the VNO s are needed in order start certain chains of reactions already programmed in the brain. Further studies show that when male mice have begun to associate sexual activity with other cues from females, including smells they become less dependent on the VNO s. A sexually experienced male whois VNO is removed will mate almost as frequently as a male whois VNO is still intact(2). (more…)
What are pheromones?
Pheromones are chemicals that send out subconscious scent signals to the opposite sex that naturally trigger attraction, arousal and readiness for sex. When a woman receives the chemical-hormonal signals, she automatically, instinctively responds – without even realizing what is drawing her to you.
What is pheromone wipe?
Magnetic Pheromone Wipe is pheromone based wet wipe . It contains pure human pheromones. How it is said on the package of the wipe “Wipe your neck and wrist to boost your sex appeal!”
A number of pheromones and pheromone-like substances have been isolated in humans, and have been shown in scientific studies to have an affect on a variety of human behavior and hormonal processes.
Whether these effects are 100% “true” pheromone reactions or not is an interesting point and worthy of further investigation, but is a moot point to the perfume industry. (more…)
Dr Cutler explains her discovery of human pheromones
By Dr. Winnifred Cutler
Excerpted from the newsletter Women’s Health Connection, vol II, number 5b
copyright Women’s Health Connection, PO Box 6338, Madison WI, 53716
Throughout the animal kingdom, it was well known (by 1979) that females emit sex attractants that cause males (of the same species) to approach. Animal pheromones were so well understood, by the late 70’s, that manufacturers were marketing them as pest controls; pheromones were used to lure and divert animals and bugs to traps to prevent crop and flower damage. I was fortunate to be one of the scientists working on the research that proved the existence of human pheromones for the first time. (more…)
Department of Psychology, The University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
Pheromones are airborne chemical signals that are released by an individual into the environment and which affect the physiology or behaviour of other members of the same species. The idea that humans produce pheromones has excited the imagination of scientists and the public, leading to widespread claims for their existence, which, however, has remained unproven. Here we investigate whether humans produce compounds that regulate a specific neuroendocrine mechanism in other people without being consciously detected as odours (thereby fulfilling the classic definition of a pheromone). We found that odourless compounds from the armpits of women in the late follicular phase of their menstrual cycles accelerated the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone of recipient women and shortened their menstrual cycles. Axillary (underarm) compounds from the same donors which were collected later in the menstrual cycle (at ovulation) had the opposite effect: they delayed the luteinizing-hormone surge of the recipients and lengthened their menstrual cycles. By showing in a fully controlled experiment that the timing of ovulation can be manipulated, this study provides definitive evidence of human pheromones.
The summated receptor potential was recorded from the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and olfactory epithelium (OE) of 49 human subjects of both sexes (18 to 55 years old) using surface non-polarizable silver-silver chloride electrodes. (more…)
When the term “pheromone” was defined in the late 1950s by insect researchers Peter Karlson and Martin Lüscher, it carried three main implications: that it was a message to which only members of the same species would respond; that it was a single, identifiable chemical; and that it had a definite behavioral or physiological effect on the recipient.
That definition has not held up well over time. Even in insects, each of the criteria has been violated by substances that most researchers are still willing to call pheromones. For vertebrates, the definition has been progressively loosened to the point that researchers are now heatedly debating the meaning of the term. Scientists now suggest there are four kinds of human pheromones–primers, releasers, modulators and “signalers” that provide information to the recipient without directly altering behavior. (more…)
At the present, the number of studies available on human pheromones and their role in human reproduction is very limited. Active research is being conducted on this fascinating field. With our improved understanding of the role of pheromones and its role in reproduction, gender specific pheromones isolated from men and women could be used as fertility agents for couples who wish to conceive. It might even be manipulated to work as a contraceptive. Some researchers suggest that pheromones could also be used in mood regulation, and help alleviate stress and depression.
The prostate gland in the male is a highly hormone dependent gland. Sexual activity plays a crucial role in determining the prostate cancer risk. Another hypothesis is that specific human pheromone products can be designed to modulate sexual activity, more specifically prostate gland activity in such way that it is associated with reduced risk of developing prostate caner.
Ants have it! Dogs use it to attract their mate and defend their territory. It is what drives the male moth situated miles away from the female moth to reciprocate and respond to the mating invitation. It is what makes you instantaneously get attracted to the woman or man of your dreams. Still seems fishy? ‘It’ is nothing other than the wonder chemical, pheromones, at work. Someone rightly said that ‘love is a matter of chemistry’. We now know that this is indeed true.
The study of pheromones represents one of the most fascinating areas of reproductive biology. The term pheromone is used to refer to any chemical substance produced by a living organism, that triggers a change in the sexual behavior of another organism, of the same species, but of the opposite sex.
Although the presence of pheromones has been identified as early as 1956, it was not until 1986 that the presence of these chemicals in underarms of human beings was documented. The credit for this co-discovery goes to Dr. Winifred Cutler, a leading biologist and George Preti, a chemist. Their studies published in the prestigious journal ‘Hormones and behavior’, for the first time highlighted the definite presence of human pheromones. They co-discovered these odorless yet ‘important’ chemicals after removal of sweat from human underarms.
It was also found that pheromones were gender specific. A human pheromone can influence sexual behavior in humans only. So now you know that Jim Carrey’s attraction to even animals, in the movie ‘The Animal’ was truly dramatic. It is appropriate to remember at this juncture the earlier studies of Dr. Winifred Cutler, conducted during the 1970s documented that women who have sporadic sex are less likely to have regular menstrual cycles compared to those who had regular sex with men. (more…)
There are different types of pheromones. Territorial pheromones help in defining the territory of a particular organism. For example, dogs deposit the so-called pheromones, present in their urine on specific landmarks to mark the perimeter of the claimed territory.Ever wondered about how organized and well-disciplined ants move along? Trail pheromones, secreted by ants (hydrocarbons) enable these social insects to return to their nest with food and also serve as a guide for other ants.
Alarm pheromones, as the name suggests send SOS signals to other members of the same species. Such compounds are released when a specific organism is being attacked by a predator, leading to trigger of either a fright or flight response. Surprisingly, plants have also been known to emit these compounds, when being preyed upon. This leads to production of tannins by adjacent plants, compounds that make the plant less edible for the preying organism.
Perhaps the most studied of the pheromones are sex pheromones that greatly influence the sexual behavior of an animal. These sex pheromones perform several functions ranging from sending signals about availability of a partner for mating to detecting a potential mate. Certain male organisms also release pheromones that communicate information about their species and genetic constitution. The presence of sex pheromones in animals as diverse as moths, mice and monkeys have been well documented.
Aggregation pheromones is the collective term given to chemical substances produced by one or other sex of a particular species, that attract individuals of both sexes. An unclassified set of pheromones (bees and other mammals) also exists, about which active research is being conducted at the moment.
Of special interest are the human pheromones, which are claimed to enhance the libido (sex drive) of an individual. Several companies even market human pheromones, believed to possess aphrodisiac properties. The number of studies available on human pheromones is however very limited.
A Lois & Clark video. Can you smell the pheromone?
A case study of how scientists in the Pacific Northwest controlled an outbreak of moths in poplar trees. Transcript of radio broadcast:
19 February 2008
Back in the year two thousand, big producers of poplar trees in the American Pacific Northwest needed help. Their hybrid poplars, nearly ten years old, were under threat. Young insects were getting into the heartwood, weakening a tree and making it likely to break and fall. Small, newly planted trees were being killed.
Two professors from Washington State University discovered that the threat was not from traditional poplar pests but from a new one.
Doug Walsh and John Brown found ninety-five western poplar clearwing moths in traps in a four-week period in two thousand one. Then, during a four-week period in two thousand two, they found more than eighteen thousand moths in traps placed in the same locations…
Making the right choice when finding true love is an important business, so how do we go about selecting a mate?
Many factors add up to make us desirable to potential partners. There’s the obvious stuff like symmetrical features and good skin – which showcase a healthy development, immune system and good genes. Women look for tall men with masculine faces, kindness, wealth and status. Men prefer young, fertile women with a low waist-to-hip ratio and who are not too tall. Neither sex is very keen on people who wear glasses.
Beauty can come at a price however.
Other factors are less obvious. Research suggests that humans are attracted to partners who resemble themselves and – slightly disconcertingly – their parents too. Smell appears to be important as well; people are often more attracted to the smell of those who have different combinations of some immune system (MHC) genes to themselves. Mates with dissimilar MHC genes produce healthier offspring that are better able to thwart disease. People with similar MHC genes even prefer the same perfumes…
About The Pheromone
A pheromone is a chemical that triggers a natural behavioral response in another member of the same species. There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology.
In animals, sex pheromones indicate the availability of the female for breeding. But in humans? well obviously yeah!
In this web we will guide you through all the ways that pheromone can change yout life or maybe not (try it, won't lose anything).
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